Citron de mer

Porifera, Demospongiae, Hadromerida, Tethyidae

Tethya citrina Sarà & Melone, 1965

Description :

 C’est une éponge globulaire et massive, le plus souvent jaune pâle à brillant et parfois orange. Sa surface verruqueuse est souvent recouverte de particules argileuses. A marée basse, sa contraction la rend lisse et uniforme. Elle ressemble à Tethya aurantium (Pallas, 1766) qui est confinée à la mer Méditerranée, les côtes ouest Africaine et les Açores (Picton et al., 2011).                                      

Dscn3057b_Tethya_citrina     Cimg4964b_Tethya_citrina

Éponge citron de mer (Tethya citrina Sarà & Melone, 1965).

Écologie :

 C’est une espèce commune sur les supports durs. Elle s’observe aussi bien dans les eaux claires que dans les eaux à fortes turbidités (Picton et al., 2011). Elle ne supporte pas l’exondation prolongée. C’est pourquoi on peut l’observer depuis la frange infralittorale jusqu’à – 930 m (van Soest et al., 2000).

Distribution :

 De l’océan Arctique à la mer Méditerranée (van Soest, 2013).

 

Spicules :

 Les mégasclères sont des strongyloxeas (stylotes ou tylostylotes) de 510 à 850 µm de longueur (van Soest et al., 2000).

 Les microsclères sont des euasters de deux types : des spherasters d’environ 30 µm de diamètre et des strongylasters de 12 µm de diamètre environ (Picton et al., 2011).

 

Tethya citrina style5b

Stylote de grande taille de l’éponge citron de mer (Tethya citrina Sarà & Melone, 1965).

 

Tethya citrina aster6b Tethya spherasters3b      Tethya citrina aster5b

Spherasters et strongylaster de l’éponge citron de mer (Tethya citrina Sarà & Melone, 1965).

Références bibliographiques :

Picton, B. E., Morrow, C. C. & van Soest, R. W. B., (2011) in Sponges of Britain and Ireland. (http://www.habitas.org.uk/marinelife/sponge_guide/sponges.asp?item=C3590, 25.08.2011.

van Soest, R., (2013) in European Register of Marine Species M. J. B. Costello, P.; Boxshall, G.; Arvantidis, C.; Appeltans, W., Ed.

van Soest, R. W. M., Picton, B. E. & Morrow, C., (2000) Sponges of the North East Atlantic, in World Biodiversity Database CD-ROM Series, Windows/Mac version 1.0. ( ETI, University of Amsterdam: Amsterdam).

Tethya citrina Sarà & Melone, 1965

 

Description:

This is a massive-globose sponge, most commonly pale to bright yellow, but can be orange. Warty surface is often covered by a layer of silt. When contracted, it can appear smooth and even. It may confuse with Tethya aurantium (Pallas, 1766) Gray, 1867 which is confined to the Mediterranean, African Atlantic coasts and the Azores (Picton et al., 2011).

 

Habitat:

On rock surfaces usually in open water, although it has been reported in harbours. A common species on horizontal or sloping rocky surfaces in clean water but tolerant of silt (Picton et al., 2011).

 

Distribution:

Arctic; N. Atlantic; Mediterranean (van Soest, 2013).

 

Spicules:

Megascleres are strongyloxea (stylote or tylostylote) 510-(680)-850µm in length (van Soest et al., 2000).

 

Microscleres are euasters; with ca. 30µm diameter spherasters forming a distinct layer in the 'muscular' cortex, and with strongylasters with microspined tylote rays, ca. 12µm in diameter, predominating in the choanosome (Picton et al., 2011).

 

References:

Picton, B. E., Morrow, C. C. & van Soest, R. W. B., (2011) in Sponges of Britain and Ireland. (http://www.habitas.org.uk/marinelife/sponge_guide/sponges.asp?item=C3590, 25.08.2011.

van Soest, R., (2013) in European Register of Marine Species M. J. B. Costello, P.; Boxshall, G.; Arvantidis, C.; Appeltans, W., Ed.

van Soest, R. W. M., Picton, B. E. & Morrow, C., (2000) Sponges of the North East Atlantic, in World Biodiversity Database CD-ROM Series, Windows/Mac version 1.0. ( ETI, University of Amsterdam: Amsterdam).

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Date de dernière mise à jour : 05/07/2021